Authors often hear the advice to write what you know. The advice is usually offered to make sure the author gets plot details right. You wouldn't want to write a story about a police officer if you know nothing about police procedure. You wouldn't want to write about skydiving if you know nothing about the sport. Getting details wrong annoys readers who knows those details. And you don't want that. You want readers to turn pages without noticing, to be enveloped by the story, not disengaged by errant details.
The beauty of such a predicament is you can find out what you need to know. You can interview police officers. You can go on ride-alongs. You can watch skydivers. You even could jump out of a plane. (The emphasis here is on you. I would not jump out of a plane for any amount of money. I like it when my stomach isn't six feet below the rest of my body.) Ultimately you can learn the information you need to provide a true reflection of whatever it is you choose to write about.
But correct plot details will only get you so far. If you want to write a story that readers love, you need to write characters that are real, and that means characters that react like real people do. This is what readers are talking about when they say they don't like two-dimensional characters. They don't want to read about someone who's all good or all evil. After a while, such characters become predictable and boring. Readers want to see the shades of gray. They want to see characters acting like real people do, with all the emotion that entails.
And the good part about all this? You don't need to interview people or go on ride-alongs to get these details right, though you can. (And is there a "right"? More on that below.) To get emotions and emotional reactions right, all you need are two things: a good imagination--which I hope you have if you're a writer--and you need the special sauce of solid writing, empathy.
First imagination: A good imagination will enable you to understand, to truly picture, whatever scenario you're writing about. And I don't mean to simply imagine the setting. I mean imagine who your character is in relation to the conflict in which you are placing him or her in that setting. You could write a setup involving an avalanche, for instance. A character who is an expert rock-climber would react differently to it than one who is a first-timer.
Now once you've got your characters established and your setup and conflict imagined, empathy enters the picture. You may have never been in an avalanche, but can you imagine how someone in that situation might be feeling? I hope so. Dig deep if you have to. Not everyone will react the same way, even first-timers. But react they will in some way. Some will be terrified. Some will be practical. Some might even be invigorated. If you truly know your characters, you should be able to empathize with each one and understand how he or she would react to different situations in thoughts, words, and actions. Showing those thoughts and how they impact the dialogue and actions is what brings the character truly to life.
That brings me to the question I asked above. Can you get emotions wrong? Not if you make them seem realistic. Not if you let the reader understand where the character is coming from. Show a character whose mother just died and he merely shrugs, and your reader might think the character is one-dimensional. They might have a gut reaction that no one would act that way. But if you show the conflict in the character's head, letting the reader understand why he's shrugging, then that action can become believable. And the character is suddenly real.
I dug deep, trying to make my characters real, when I wrote my newest short story, "The Case of the Missing Pot Roast," which came out last week in this year's Bouchercon anthology, Florida Happens. My main character's husband has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. I've never been in that position, but I've watched friends and family dealing with a parent with such a diagnosis. So I've seen what the reactions can be. But even if I hadn't had this experience, I could imagine it. A character could be horrified, saddened, determined to do the right thing, or some or all of those things at once—or have some other reaction. If you can empathize with who your character is, you can understand how he would react to the situation he finds himself in. And then you need to show it in thoughts and dialogue, as well as actions.
In my pot roast story, my main character, Bev, becomes determined to care for her husband, Charles, in their home, despite that her doctor recommends otherwise. If I had just had Bev decide to care for Charles at home by herself without showing her reasoning, some readers might have gotten aggravated with Bev (or with me), thinking that Bev is reacting unrealistically or stupidly. But I do show Bev's thoughts in the story:
"I was determined to care for Charles in our home for as long as I could. He was my husband. My love. I owed him that."
Four simple sentences, but suddenly Bev's actions make sense. They are believable because the reader can understand where Bev is coming from.
There are a number of other things that happen in the story that might be hard to believe if you didn't understand where the characters were coming from. That's true for most fiction, books and movies.
In Gone With The Wind (not sure why this particular movie came to mind, but here it is), when Scarlet helps Melanie give birth, it might seem unbelievable considering how selfish Scarlet is and how much it must bother her that Melanie is giving birth to Ashley's son, but she does help. And the reader/viewer buys Scarlet's actions because the reader/viewer understands that Scarlet is doing it for a selfish reason, to look good for Ashley, but also for some non-selfish reasons: despite her best intentions, Scarlet has come to care for Melanie and some small bit of conscience is trying to push its way to her surface.
In Casablanca, Rick hated Ilsa for leaving him in Paris. He didn't know why she did it. But once he learned her reasons, he could understand because he could empathize with her. And suddenly she wasn't two-dimensional to him or to the viewer. And that made the story all the more interesting.
So if you want to create characters that readers want to follow, characters that readers love, get to know your characters well and then imagine how each of them would react to the events of your story and then show those reactions. It's the reactions that bring the characters to life. It's the reactions that make them real.
Authors, have you had a book or story that particularly resonated with you or with readers because you created a character that felt particularly real? What was it? And what was it about the character that stood out?
And readers, have you read any books or stories that affected you especially and unexpectedly because the characters felt so true to life? What was one and why?
And finally, if you want to read more about Bev and Charles, you can buy Florida Happens in ebook or trade paperback. Here's a link to the Amazon version. And here's a little more about the story:
"The Case of the Missing Pot Roast" is about aging with dignity. Bev and Charles live in a retirement community near the Everglades. Their home looks out on a lake in which an alligator named Romeo lives. The couple has always loved watching Romeo. But now Charles has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, and Romeo has become a source of stress. And these two don't need more stress. When Bev gets injured, she hires an aide to help care for combative Charles. But then items start to go missing, and Bev doesn't know who she can depend on. A friend suggests the aide isn't trustworthy, but Bev begins to wonder if the real person she can't trust is herself.
18 September 2018
Put Some Feeling Into It
by Barb Goffman
9 comments:
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Wise words all the way around.
ReplyDeleteFirst of all, I am definitely a reader who gets distracted by bad details. Writers need to care to get it right, no matter how small it seems to them in their grand scheme of things. Subjects matter to the readers, and that's what readers want from a writer, for their stories and characters to be believable.
As for what I have written, I have yet to publish a book, but I have had feedback on published poetry; readers identified with the feelings of trial and hope.
I had one very successful article published in a glossy magazine. It was about a noteworthy Italian-American radio show broadcast in the Washington,DC area during the late 1940s to the early 50s.I wanted to show the importance the broadcasts had for immigrants,especially with so many post-WWII. The songs were popular American and Italian, with Italian opera thrown in. More importantly, the spoken language was both English and Italian. There was news of Italy, there were fundraisers for the war orphans and for a devastating flood in Italy. There were ads for Italian foods, information on local Italian-American socials and clubs, plus instructions on why the Italian-speaking listeners should answer and not fear the 1950 census. How I made all of this interesting in a personal way was to tell it as the story of the woman who was the heart and brains of the show. She was a pioneer, they tell me, as a woman who not only hosted her own show, but programmed and wrote it. She also happened to be my aunt. She had kept all of her radio logs, correspondence, fliers, programs from musical events and newspaper clippings. I did my research.
For reading, the recent novels of Liane Moriarty are fantastic in how the feelings, thoughts and reasons of the characters emerge through the books;she is my new favorite novelist. Conversely, I recently needed to utilize audiobooks and became totally hooked on Elisabeth von Arnim's works, as we privy to the thoughts and misconceptions of nearly every characters, no matter how minor, in every book of hers. The thoughts are all realistic, according to their intellect, state in life and the information that they have.
Apparently, you struck a few chords with me!
Good point, Barb. Empathy is so important in fiction. I once taught a person who did not have empathy (he admitted to being a high-functioning sociopath.) He desperately wanted to write sci-fi. But all his stories came across as flat. Students in the class tried to help him, but it didn't take. That's when I became convinced of the necessity of the reader being able to empathize with the protagonist. If we don't care about the main character, we probably will stop reading.
ReplyDeleteTonette, I'm glad I struck a chord. And that is so cool about your aunt, and that you had access to all those documents to make your story come alive. Details are so important, aren't they? And thanks for the tip about Liane Moriarty. I just put her first book on my TBR list at the library. They have it on audio CD, so I should be able to get to it soon. Yay!
ReplyDeleteMel, caring about what happens is so important. I've stopped reading many a book, thinking that I don't care what happens so why am I putting time into this? And that's a shame about your student, but it makes perfect sense.
Barb, this is one of your best blog posts yet. I know Alzheimer's is really terrible. The landlady of a house I rented for six years, had a sparkling personality & was as sharp as a tack when I moved in. By the time I moved away, it was difficult to talk with her because she forgot people she knew for years, sometimes in the middle of speaking with them! Her husband did the best he could to take care of her. She was on medication that kept the disease from getting worse, but she couldn't travel back in time.
ReplyDeleteCharacter depth and accuracy. Good article.
ReplyDeleteThanks Elizabeth (Liz?) and O'Neil. Alzheimer's is a horrible disease. I do hope they find a cure for it in our lifetime.
ReplyDeleteCaring about the character is everything. Right now there's a bunch of TV shows that I've watched 1 episode and thought, "What a bunch of a**holes" and never watched another one, because I didn't care about anyone.
ReplyDeleteAs far as making that happen, there's a bunch of ways. Here's the main character of "Great Expectations": [Ralph Alesund was h]andsome, caring, obviously lonely and a good dancer, any number of widows tried to marry him. The one who got him was Rose Skien, probably because she wasn’t all that eager to remarry. Her first husband, Ragnar, had been a farmer up by Sinai, one of those wild young men that people say need the love of a good woman. He got one, but he didn’t change. Thirty-five years later, he was driving drunk the night he was killed. Rose handled it, as she had her whole marriage, with dignity and grace.
We evacuated from Hurricane Florence with 15 older adults. Most are over 90. There were some with memory issues, and we treated with them with dignity and respect. They are precious, and the hurricane drove them out of their homes and all that was familiar. We were so glad to be able to get them all home safely.
ReplyDeleteGreat post!
I'm glad everything worked out and they all made it home safely, Jackie. It must have been an extremely stressful situation.
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